Para ejercer la profesión e incluso para utilizar el título de “Arquitecto” es necesario por ley estar registrado en la Professional Regulatory Board of Architecture, tanto para establecerse de forma permanente, como para una prestación de servicios temporal.
 
 
Fuente: UIA. Filipinas
 
-Is Professional Practice Regulated By Law?: Yes
-What Is The Name Of The Organization Responsible For Registering Architects?: Professional Regulation Commission
-Is There An Inscription Into A Register Of Architects?: Yes
-Inscription In Register. Is Inscription Compulsory?: Yes
 
MECHANISM FOR VALIDATING THE LICENCE TO PRACTISE
 
-Does Such A Procedure Exist In Your Country?: Yes
 
-What Is The Procedure?:
The Architect Has A Licence Which He/She May Have To Present If Requested
Local Authorities Request Proof That The Architect Is Authorised
Local Authorities Have To Check Whether The Architect Is Authorised To Practise
The Professional Body Stamps The Project
 
-Additional Information On Validation Procedure:
Only Persons Who Have Duly Qualified And Been Granted Registration May Practice Architecture. The Practice Of Architecture By Unregistered Persons Is Forbidden By Law.
 
 
Fuente: Republic Act 9266 – The Architecture Act Of 2004
 
Sec.3– (2) "Architect" means a person professionally and academically qualified, registered and licensed under this Act with a Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card issued by the Professional Regulatory Board of Architecture and the Professional Regulation Commission, and who is responsible for advocating the fair and sustainable development, welfare and cultural expression of society's habitat in terms of space, forms and historical context;
 
(a) "Architect-of-record" means the architect registered and licensed under this Act, who is directly and professionally responsible for the total design of the project for the client and who shall assume the civil liability for the plans, specifications and contract documents he/she has signed and sealed;
 
(b) "Architecture-in-charge of construction" means an architect registered and licensed under this Act, who is directly and professionally responsible and liable for the construction supervision of the project;
 
(c) "Consulting Architect" means the architect registered and licensed or permitted to practice under this Act, who is professionally and academically qualified and with exceptional or recognized expertise or specialization in any branch of architecture;

Es obligatorio por ley estar registrado en la Professional Regulatory Board of Architecture, no obstante, ciertos aspectos del ejercicio profesional están regulados directamente por la United Architects of the Philippines.
 
 
Fuente: Republic Act 9266 – The Architecture Act Of 2004
 
ARTICLE IV- PRACTICE OF ARCHITECTURE
 
SEC. 25. Registration of Architects Required. – No person shall practice architecture in this country, or engage in preparing architectural plans, specification or preliminary data for the erection or alteration of any building located within the boundaries of this country or use the title "Architect," or display or use any title, sign, card, advertisement, or other device to indicate such person practices or offers to practice architecture, or is an architect, unless such person shall have received from the Board a Certificate of Registration and be issued a Professional Identification Card in the manner hereinafter provided and shall thereafter comply with the provisions of this Act.
 
A foreign architect or any person not authorized to practice architecture in the Philippines, who shall stay in the country and perform any of the activities mentioned in Sections 3 and 4 of this Act, or any other activity analogous thereto, in connection with the construction of any building/structure/edifice or land development project, shall be deemed engaged in the unauthorized practice of architecture.
 
SEC. 27. Reciprocity Requirements. – A person who is not a citizen of the Philippines at the time he/she applies to take the examination shall not be allowed to take the licensure examination unless he/she can prove, in the manner provided by the Rules of Court that, by specific provision of law, the country of which he/she is a citizen, subject or national either admits citizens of the Philippines to the practice of the same profession without restriction or allows them to practice it after passing an examination on terms of strict and absolute equality with citizens, subjects or national of the country concerned, including the unconditional recognition of prerequisite degrees/diplomas issued by the institutions of learning duly recognized for the purpose by the Government of the Philippines.
 
SEC. 34. Non-Registered Person Shall Not Claim Equivalent Service. – Persons not registered as an architect shall not claim nor represent either services or work as equivalent to those of a duly qualified registered architect, or that they are qualified for any branch or functions of function of architectural practice, even though no form of the title "Architect" is used.
 
SEC.38.  Coverage of Temporary/Special Permits. – Foreign nationals who have gained entry in the Philippines to perform professional services as architects or consultants in foreign-funded or assisted projects of the government or employed or engaged by Filipino or foreign contractors or private firms, shall, before assuming the duties, functions and responsibilities as architects or consultants, secure a special/temporary permit from the Board subject to approval of the Commission. To practice his/her profession in connection with the project to which he/she was commissioned: Provided, That a foreign national or foreign firm, whose name or company name, with title architect, architectural consultant, design consultant, consultant or designer appear on architectural plans, specifications and other related construction documents, for securing buildings permits, licenses and government authority clearances for actual building project construction in the Philippines and advertisement and billboards for marketing purposes, shall be deemed practicing architecture in the Philippines, whether the contract for professional services is consummated in the Philippines or in a foreign country: Provided, further, That the following conditions are satisfied as follows:
 
      a. That he/she is a citizen or subject of a country which specifically permits Filipino professionals to practice his/her profession within their territorial limits, on the same basis as the subjects or citizens of such foreign state or country;
 
      b. That he/she is legally qualified to practice architecture in his/her own country, and that his/her expertise is necessary and advantageous to our country particularly in the aspects of technology transfer and specialization;
 
      c. That foreign nationals shall be required to work with a Filipino counterpart and shall also be responsible for public utilities and taxes due to the Philippine government, relative to their participation in, or professional services rendered to the project, in accordance with the established implementing rules and regulations providing for the procedure for the registration and/or issuance of temporary/special permits to foreign architects allowed by law to practice their profession in the Philippines by the Board of Architecture and the accredited professional organization; and
 
      d. Agencies, organizations or individuals, whether public or private, who secure the services of foreign professional authorized by law to practice in the Philippines for reasons aforementioned, shall be responsible for securing a special permit from the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) and the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) pursuant to PRC and DOLE rules.
 
 
Fuente: PRC. Authority to Practice in the Philippines by a Foreigner
 
> Who establishes proof of reciprocity between the Philippines and applicant’s country for the practice of profession? What are the conditions of reciprocity?
 
It is incumbent upon the foreigner to establish the existence of reciprocity between the Philippines and applicant’s country for the practice of profession by presentation of the applicant’s law providing for the following conditions:
 
1. The requirements for the registration or licensing in the foreign state or country are subtantially the same as those required and contemplated by laws of the Philippines; and
 
2. The laws of such foreign state or country allows citizens of the Philippines to practice the profession on the same basis and grant the same privileges as those enjoyed by the subjects or citizens of such foreign state or country.
 
Note: The document must be authenticated (NOT acknowledged) by the Philippine Embassy/Consulate/Legation in the state or country where the same was issued. Starting 14 May 2019, foreign documents from Apostille-contracting countries (The contracting countries are available at https://www.hcch.net/en/instruments/conventions/status-table/?cid=4 or www.prc.gov.ph  under the Special Temporary Permit of the International Affairs) need not be authenticated abroad by Philippine Embassies and Consulates General in order to be recognized and accepted in the Philippines. An Apostille Certification issued by the foreign competent authority responsible for the implementation of the Apostille Convention will be sufficient. With regard to non-members to the Convention and those contracting countries who objected to the Philippines’ accession, authentication of foreign documents by the Philippine Embassies and Consulates General still applies.
 
 
SPECIAL TEMPORARY PERMIT
 
>What is a Special Temporary Permit (STP)?
 
A Special Temporary Permit (STP) is a privilege given to a foreign professional who is allowed to practice his/her profession in the Philippines for a period of time.
 
 
> Who may be issued Special Temporary Permit (STP)?
 
Only foreign nationals who are registered and licensed professionals in a state or country other than the Philippines who want to engage in the general practice of state-regulated professions as defined under the pertinent Professional Regulatory Laws can be issued a Special Temporary Permit. Juridical persons such as partnerships, corporations, or associations of foreign nationals cannot be issued Special Temporary Permits.
 
Only foreign nationals as natural persons who want to engage in the practice of state-regulated professions as defined under the pertinent professional regulatory laws (Available at www.prc.gov.ph under the Professional Regulatory Boards) can be issued a STP.
 
 
> Who will be responsible for the monitoring of foreign professionals?
 
Foreign professionals who have been issued Certificates of Registration and PRC Professional Identification Cards or Special Temporary Permit shall be regularly monitored by the concerned Professional Regulatory Board through the Accreditation and Compliance Division.
The foreign professional shall inform the Commission through the Qualification Recognition Division – International Affairs Office of any change in his/her place of residence in the Philippines within ten (10) days from such change.
 
Foreign professionals or their representatives shall submit a report of their accomplishments to the appropriate Professional Regulatory Board, copy furnished the International Affairs Division, within five (5) working days upon expiration of the Special Temporary Permit. Non-submission of the accomplishment report shall render the applicant/sponsoring/hiring/contracting institution ineligible for the renewal or issuance of prospective Special Temporary Permit.
 
The Professional Regulatory Board with the Accreditation and Compliance Division may conduct inspection of the activities and shall issue an Inspection report to the Commission, indicating if the foreign professional, corporation or employer has or has not committed any violations of applicable laws.
 
 
> What are the corresponding fees for STP application?
 
Upon filing of application, with the exception of application of renewal under P.D. 541, the applicant shall pay non-refundable processing fee of three thousand pesos (Php 3,000.00) for each application for Special Temporary Permit. Upon approval of the Special Temporary Permit through a Board Resolution and Special Temporary Permit ID, payment of eight thousand pesos (Php 8,000.00) in case payment of the assessed due is separate payment from Special temporary Permit.
 
The fees are as follows:
-Processing Fee:                                          P 3,000.00 (Categories A-D)
-Special Temporary Permit Fee:               P 8,000.00 (Categories B-D)
-Special Temporary Permit Fee:               P 1,250.00 (Category E)
 
 
> What is the validity of the Special Temporary Permit (STP)?
 
The STP shall be valid for the period specified in the STP as approved by the Commission upon recommendation of the Professional Regulatory Board concerned. In no case, shall it exceed one (1) year unless renewed/extended.

Es preciso contar con una titulación que esté aprobada por el gobierno para poder tener acceso a realizar un examen que es necesario para poder registrase en la Professional Regulatory Board.
 
 
Fuente: Republic Act 9266 – The Architecture Act Of 2004
 
ARTICLE III- EXAMINATION, REGISTRATION AND LICENSURE
 
SEC. 12. Examination Required. – All applicants for registration for the practice of architecture shall be required to undergo a licensure examination to be given by the Board in such places and dates as the Commission may designate in accordance with the provisions of Republic Act No. 8981.
 
SEC. 13. Qualifications of Applicant for Examination. – Any person applying for examination shall establish to the satisfaction of the Board that:
      a. He/she is a Filipino citizen or a citizen of a foreign country qualified to take the examination as provided for in this Act;
      b. He/she is of good moral character;
      c. He/she is a holder of a degree of Bachelor of Science in Architecture conferred by a school, college, academy or institute duly recognized and/or accredited by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and in addition has a specific record of at least two (2) years or equivalent of diversified architectural experience duly certified by a registered/licensed architect: Provided, however, That an applicant holding a Master’s Degree in Architecture from a school, college, university or institute recognized by the government shall be credited one (1) year in his/her practical experience; and
      d. He/she has not been convicted of any criminal offensive involving moral turpitude.
 
SEC. 17. Oath. – All successful candidates in the examination shall be required to take an oath of profession before any member of the Board, any government official authorized by the Commission or any person authorized by law to administer oaths, prior to entering upon the practice of the profession.
 
SEC. 18. Issuance of Certificates of Registration and Professional Identification Card. – A Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card shall be issued to examinees who pass the licensure examination subject to payment of fees prescribed by the Commission. The Certificate of Registration shall bear the signature of the chairperson of the Commission and the chairman and members of the Board, stamped with the official seal, indicating that the person named therein is entitled to the practice of the profession with all the privileges appurtenant thereto. The said certificate shall remain in full force and affect until withdrawn, suspended or revoked in accordance with this Act.
 
A Professional Identification Card bearing the registration number, date of issuance, expiry date, duly signed by the chairperson of the Commission, shall likewise be issued to every registrant who has paid the prescribed fee.
 
SEC. 20. Seal, Issuance and Use of Seal. – A duly licensed architect shall affix the seal prescribed by the Board bearing the registrant’s name, registration number and title "Architect" on all architectural plans, drawings, specifications and all other contract documents prepared by or under his/her direct supervision.
 
 
Fuente: Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
 
The Philippine Center for Academic Information and Mobility
 
National Information Centers (NICs) assist in promoting the mobility of students, teachers, and researchers by providing authoritative advice and information concerning the academic recognition of qualifications undertaken in other countries. The main stakeholders of this service will be HEIs, students and their advisers, parents, teachers, and prospective employers.
The Asia-Pacific Regional Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications in Higher Education (2011) requires Parties to have an NIC. This does not necessarily require a new structure or organization to be formed. Parties need to provide a single point of contact from within existing ministries and organizations or a new entity.
 
To develop policy and practice for the recognition of qualifications, the Council of Europe and UNESCO have established the ENIC Network (European Network of National Information Centres on academic recognition and mobility). The Network is made up of the NICs of the States party to the UNESCO Europe Region and other established non-European countries. Australia, USA, Japan and other countries from the Asia Pacific region also has established NICs.
 
The Commission on Higher Education Rationalization Plan 2013 (RatPlan) states that the International Affairs Staff (IAS) “serves as the clearinghouse for all bilateral and multilateral academic agreements, services, exchanges, international recognition of degrees and qualifications and policy coordination on the inflow and outflow of international students and services.” Moreover, IAS is mandated to serve as clearinghouse of information on education policy, systems, curriculum development, educational governance and education materials as well as information on the comparability of higher education programs, degrees, diplomas in other countries, on the one hand, and as source of similar information on the Philippines (in cooperation with OPRKM-KMD, OSDS-ISD and CHEDROs).
 
Pursuant to CHED Special Order (CSO) 47 s2013, the IAS, through its director, serves as the Chairperson of the Technical Working Group for the establishment/ institutionalization of the National Information Center (NIC) under the recognition of qualifications in higher education. During the 430th Commission en Banc Meeting held on the 26 May 2014, the Commission approved the IAS-proposed template for the Philippine Center for Academic Information and Mobility (CAIM) and its process flow, through Resolution No. 293-2014.

Fuente: UIA. Filipinas
 
ARCHITECT'S FUNCTIONS
 
Is The Scope Of Practice Defined By Law?: Yes
 
Additional Information On Scope Of Practice:
The Act Of Planning, Architectural And Structural Designing, Specifying, Supervising, And Giving General Administration And Responsible Direction To The Erection, Enlargement Or Alterations Of Buildings And Architectural Design Of Engineering Structures Or Any Part Of These. (Sec. 14 Of Art. II Of R.A. 545)
 
Are There Other Professionals Who May Legally Provide Services Similar To Architects?:
Only Architects May Exercise The Architectural Profession: NO COMPETITION
 
 
Fuente: Republic Act 9266 – The Architecture Act Of 2004
 
Sec.3-(3) "General Practice of Architecture" means the act of planning and architectural designing, structural conceptualization, specifying, supervising and giving general administration and responsible direction to the erection, enlargement or alterations of buildings and building environments and architectural design in engineering structures or any part thereof; the scientific, aesthetic and orderly coordination of all the processes which enter into the production of a complete building or structure performed through the medium of unbiased preliminary studies of plans, consultations, specifications, conferences, evaluations, investigations, contract documents and oral advice and directions regardless of whether the persons engaged in such practice are residents of the Philippines or have their principal office or place of business in this country or another territory, and regardless of whether such persons are performing one or all these duties, or whether such duties are performed in person or as the directing head of an office or organization performing them;
 

Sec.3- (4) "Scope of the Practice of Architecture" encompasses the provision of professional services in connection with site, physical and planning and the design, construction, enlargement, conservation, renovation, remodeling, restoration or alteration of a building or group of buildings. Services may include, but are not limited to:
 
(a) planning, architectural designing and structural conceptualization;
 
(b) consultation, consultancy, giving oral or written advice and directions, conferences, evaluations, investigations, quality surveys, appraisals and adjustments, architectural and operational planning, site analysis and other pre-design services;
 
(c) schematic design, design development, contract documents and construction phases including professional consultancies;
 
(d) preparation of preliminary, technical, economic and financial feasibility studies of plans, models and project promotional services;
 
(e) preparation of architectural plans, specifications, bill of materials, cost estimates, general conditions and bidding documents;
 
(f) construction and project management, giving general management, administration, supervision, coordination and responsible direction or the planning, architectural designing, construction, reconstruction, erection, enlargement or demolition, renovation, repair, orderly removal, remodeling, alteration, preservation or restoration of buildings or structures or complex buildings, including all their components, sites and environs, intended for private or public use;
 
(g) the planning, architectural lay-outing and utilization of spaces within and surrounding such buildings or structures, housing design and community architecture, architectural interiors and space planning, architectural detailing, architectural lighting, acoustics, architectural lay-outing of mechanical, electrical, electronic, sanitary, plumbing, communications and other utility systems, equipment and fixtures;
 
(h) building programming, building administration, construction arbitration and architectural conservation and restoration;
 
(i) all works which relate to the scientific, aesthetic and orderly coordination of all works and branches of the work, systems and process necessary for the production of a complete building or structure, whether for public or private use, in order to enhance and safeguard life, health and property and the promotion and enrichment of the quality of life, the architectural design of engineering structures or any part thereof; and
 
(j) all other works, projects and activities which require the professional competence of an architect, including teaching of architectural subjects and architectural computer-aided design;

Necesario. En la mayoría de los casos es necesario estar establecido en el país para poder realizar todo el proceso y en ocasiones puede incluso ser obligatorio contar con un socio local.

 
Fuente: UIA. Filipinas
 
PRACTICE BY FOREIGN ARCHITECTS
 
-Can A Foreign-Licensed Architect Practice Independently?: No
-Laws Regulating Practice By Foreign Architects: Republic Act 9266 – The Architecture Act Of 2004

-What Requirements Must A Foreign-Licensed Architect Meet To Be Able To Practice Legally?:
Valid Architectural License
Proof Of Legal Practice In The Home Country
Completion Of Interview
 
 
Fuente: Republic Act 9266 – The Architecture Act Of 2004
 
Sec. 37. Limitation to the Registration of a Firm, Company, Partnership, Corporation or Association. – The practice of architecture is a professional service, admission to which shall be determined upon the basis of individual personal qualifications. However, a firm, company, partnership, corporation or association may be registered or licensed as such for the practice of architecture under the following conditions:
 
      a. Only Filipino citizens properly registered and licensed as architects under this Act may, among themselves, or together with allied technical professionals, form and obtain registration as a firm, company, partnership, association or corporation for the practice of architecture;
      b. Registered and licensed architects shall compose at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the owners, shareholders, members incorporators, directors, executive officers, as the case may be;
      c. Individual members of such firm, partnership association or corporation shall be responsible for their individual and collective acts as an entity and as provided by law; d. Such firm, partnership, association or corporation shall be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and Board.
  
 
Fuente: ICEX. Filipinas
 
SOCIOS LOCALES
 
La joint venture (JV), resulta del acuerdo entre una empresa extranjera y otra filipina. No existe una regulación específica en Filipinas, y no están reconocidas en el Código Civil, por lo que su uso se debe más a la necesidad de superar los obstáculos del mercado que a la claridad de su marco legal.
 
La SEC no exige el registro de la JV si esta no se constituye como una nueva entidad jurídica. Solo es obligatorio que la actividad de la misma conste en los estatutos de las empresas que la forman. Si la JV se formaliza en la constitución de una nueva empresa, la JV sí debe registrarse en la SEC, que puede establecer condiciones especiales.
 
Son especialmente utilizadas en los sectores en los que está limitada la inversión extranjera, establecidos en la Lista Negativa del Board of Investments. El propósito esencial de la Lista Negativa para Inversiones Extranjeras (Foreign Investments Negative List o FINL) es ceñir la propiedad extranjera para cualquier actividad que figure en dicha Lista. Además, expone fuertes límites para determinados casos. Esta se divide a su vez en dos: Lista A y Lista B.
      · La Lista A contiene áreas de inversión donde la  propiedad  extranjera está limitada según se especifica en la Constitución de Filipinas o en leyes específicas. Esta lista es declarativa: para modificarla, habría que reformar dichas leyes, con la dificultad que ello conlleva, en especial la Constitución.
      · La Lista B contiene áreas de  inversión  donde la propiedad extranjera  está limitada por razones de seguridad, defensa, riesgo para la salud y la moral, y la protección  de las pequeñas y medianas empresas locales (PYME). Esta lista es constitutiva: el Presidente de Filipinas puede modificarla.
 
 
Las JVs en proyectos de construcción o energía tienen un marco especial, pues operan bajo un contrato de servicios con el Gobierno filipino. De esta manera, la sociedad será tratada como vehículo para los propósitos del Gobierno, y se le aplicarán tarifas impositivas diferentes.
 
La mayoría de los socios de una JV deben ser locales, y tanto el secretario como el tesorero han de ser ciudadanos filipinos residentes. En caso de bancos y líneas aéreas, se establece que dos tercios de los miembros del Consejo sean filipinos. Para una compañía dedicada a una actividad total o parcialmente nacionalizada, el número máximo de directores extranjeros no puede exceder a la proporción de capital extranjero de la empresa.
 
 

Fuente: UIA. Filipinas
 
ARCHITECT'S PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY
Additional Information On Professional Liability:
15 Years As Of Completion Of The Building. When Acting As A Contractor, The Architect Incurs Additional Obligations.
 

Fuente: Republic Act 9266 – The Architecture Act Of 2004
 
Sec. 39- Liability Insurance of a Person or Entity Allowed to Practice under a Temporary/Special Permit. – Foreign nationals, including former Filipinos wanting to engage in the general practice of architecture as defined in Section 3 (c) of this Act must secure locally their professional liability insurance or malpractice insurance or their acceptable equivalent in bond form commensurate with the nature and magnitude of their project involvement and their compensation the implementing rules and regulations for such a requirement for practice shall be implemented by the Board in consultation with the integrated and accredited professional organization of architects within six (6) months from the effectivity of this Act.

Fuente: AIG Philippines. Construction Professional Liability
 
PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY
 
Covers professionals for their legal liability arising from their expert advice or errors and omissions on the services they provide. Certain types of claims made against them by third parties under civil law. It provides financial coverage to meet the costs of defending legal actions and payable damages.
 
The frequency and severity of lawsuits against professional service providers has been fueled by countless customers and clients who believe that they have suffered when professional services did not live up to their expectations.
 
In this environment, we insure a broad range of professional activities and recognize that the areas of risk or grounds for complaint are often quite different between them. That is why this policy is designed around the real needs of particular classes of professions from large companies.
 
Professional Liability covers professionals for claims made against them for economic losses resulting from the advice and services that they provide to their clients. It also provides financial support to meet the costs of defending legal actions and any damages that are required to be paid.
 
 
Single Project Professional Indemnity
 
Single Project Professional Indemnity (SPPI) is an insurance solution arranged around the lifecycle and needs of a specific construction project. Unlike conventional annually renewable policies, it has particular advantages for project owners and for Joint Venture operators.
 
Single Project Professional Indemnity Insurance coverage for design and construction professionals: It provides project specific coverage for design and construction professionals which covers the breach of duty in the performance of Construction Professional Services on named projects for the duration of the project, and a specified extended maintenance period.
 

 a) Normativas

 
> Republic Act 9266 – The Architecture Act Of 2004
 
> Architecture Act 2004 – Board Law
 
> COE-ARCHITECTURE 2018-05
 
> Board of Architecture – Syllabi
 
> Republic Act 545 Which Regulates The Practice Of Architecture In The Philippines
 
> Pres.Decree 223 – Creating the Professional Regulation Commission and Prescribing its Powers and Functions
 
> Rep.Act 8981 – PRC Modernization Act of 2000
 
> Pres.Decree 1096 – Adopting a National Building Code of the Philippines (NBCP)
 
> The Fire Code – Republic Act No. 9514

> The Labor Code – Presidential Decree No. 442
 
> The Civil Code – Republic Act No. 386
 
 

b) Modelos de contratos

 
Fuente: ICEX. Filipinas
 
CONTRATACIÓN PÚBLICA
 
Todos los contratos a realizar con el Gobierno filipino (ministerios, agencias, oficinas, universidades públicas, empresas controladas por el Estado, instituciones financieras del Gobierno y gobiernos locales), deben seguir las directrices marcadas por la RA 9184 de 2003, así como las Reglas y Regulaciones de Implementación (IRR de la RA 9184, de julio de 2009). Se rige por los principios de transparencia, competitividad, uniformidad, y rendición de cuentas.
 
Establecido por la propia RA 9184, el PhilGEPS (Philippine Government Electronic Procurement System) es un portal electrónico que unifica la información de todas las compras públicas, y está gestionado por el PS. Aquí se puede encontrar información relevante, como invitaciones a licitar, plazos límite, etc.
 
Por norma general, todas las compras deben hacerse por subasta competitiva, aunque en ciertas situaciones, se permiten los siguientes procedimientos: licitación restringida, contratación directa, repetición de orden, compra, y adquisición negociada. A este respecto, hay que destacar que no se permite la división de un contrato en varios (lo que podría rebajar los requisitos de la licitación).
 
Criterios de elegibilidad para proyectos de infraestructuras:
· El porcentaje de control filipino se eleva al 75%.
· En el caso de la Joint Venture, se permite un menor porcentaje si se trata de tecnologías no disponibles en el país, si bien la parte filipina debe tener al menos un 25%.
 
Hay que destacar que la Ley de Proyectos Construir-Operar-Transferir (Build-Operate-Transfer Law, RA 6957 de julio de 1990, modificada por la RA 7718), exige que los consorcios que se presenten tengan al menos un 60% del capital filipino, por lo que las empresas extranjeras pueden tener únicamente un 40% del capital del consorcio. No obstante, la constructora o ingeniería española puede realizar únicamente un parte del proyecto (por ejemplo, contrato de construcción o ingeniería de detalle). En ese caso, se trataría de una subcontratación, y la empresa subcontratada puede ser una filial o sucursal con el 100% de capital extranjero. 
 
 
CONTRATACIÓN LABORAL
 
La política laboral y las condiciones y normas de empleo en Filipinas  se rigen por el Código Laboral de Filipinas (Presidential Decree 442, 1 de Mayo de 1974). Este código determina las normas en cuanto a: salarios, tipos de contrato,  horario laboral, condiciones laborales y descansos, permisos, horas extras, derechos de los trabajadores, salud y seguridad, contribución a la Seguridad Social, beneficios después del empleo, sindicatos  y medidas de conciliación y arbitraje en caso de problemas en el trabajo. De este modo, todo contrato laboral que se firme en el país deberá respetar las disposiciones establecidas en el mencionado Código Laboral conocido como Labor Code. Además de los contratos usuales temporales e indefinidos existen contratos de prácticas o de estudiantes regulados en el Labor Code.
 
TRABAJADORES EXTRANJEROS
 
El extranjero que quiera trabajar en Filipinas deberá poseer un permiso de trabajo para extranjeros (Alien Employment Permit, AEP) del Ministerio de Trabajo y Empleo (Department of Labor and Employment, DOLE). El coste del mismo es de aproximadamente 8000Php el primer año y 3000Php las siguientes renovaciones. Se obtiene entre 3 y 4 semanas. Los extranjeros a los que se les obliga la obtención del permiso de trabajo o AEP son los siguientes:
 
      1)  Cualquier extranjero que esté buscando trabajo en Filipinas sea residente o no, o sea refugiado.
 
      2) Profesionales extranjeros a los que se les permita practicar su profesión en base a los acuerdos de reciprocidad y otros acuerdos internacionales, y servicios de consultoría de acuerdo con la resolución reflejada en la Section 7(j) del "PRC Modernization Act, serie del 2012" emitida por el Professional Regulation Commission el 21 de junio de 2012.
 
      3) Los extranjeros que sean titulares de visados de los siguientes tipos: Inversor Residente (SIRV), Jubilado Residente (SRRV), Treaty Traders (9d) o el no-inmigrante (47(a)2)  tanto en cuanto se ocupen puestos de ejecutivos, asesores, supervisores o posiciones técnicas en cualquier empresa.
 
Hay algunas categorías para extranjeros que estarían exentos de la posesión del permiso de trabajo como los miembros de representaciones diplomáticas, extranjeros a los que se les ha concedió una exención especial por el Congreso, extranjeros que conducen estudios de investigación en universidades de forma temporal o los residentes non-quota.
 
La empresa contratante es la encargada de solicitar formalmente el permiso de trabajo en el Ministerio de Trabajo y Empleo (DOLE). Se ha de justificar que la contratación de un extranjero es necesaria ante la imposibilidad de contratar a un filipino para desempeñar el puesto de trabajo en cuestión. Las empresas que quieran contratar a un extranjero por algún motivo suelen ajustar el puesto de trabajo al currículum del extranjero.
 
Si se cambia a otro puesto de trabajo dentro de la empresa o cambia de empresa contratante, se ha de obtener primero la aprobación del Ministerio de Trabajo (DOLE). En el caso de empresas enmarcadas en áreas preferentes de inversión dicho permiso se expide bajo recomendación gubernamental (Labor Code Art.40-42). 
 
Además, el empleador que contrate a extranjeros deberá enviar una lista con sus datos personales a la Secretaría de Empleo dentro de los primeros 30 días del contrato para que ésta compruebe si tienen el permiso de trabajo requerido. Los extranjeros no residentes necesitan además del permiso de empleo un visado de trabajo que podrán pedir en las Embajadas de Filipinas o en el Bureau of Inmigration.

c) Convenios fiscales

 
Fuente: ICEX. Filipinas
 
BARRERAS DE ENTRADA PARA INVERSORES ESPAÑOLES
 
En general Filipinas es un país complicado para los negocios, con trámites abundantes y lentos y con problemas de corrupción extendida, como lo vienen destacando los informes del Banco Mundial, Banco Asiático de Desarrollo y Transparency International. Existen además algunos riesgos derivados de la poca transparencia e independencia de algunos órganos reguladores y de la influencia política en algunas concesiones, en particular durante la pasada legislatura. Las infraestructuras inadecuadas y el coste elevado de la electricidad son también factores negativos.
 
Desde el punto de vista legal, la Constitución, y en concreto la Ley de la República Nº7042,  limitan la participación extranjera en varios sectores bajo la denominada “Lista Negativa”. Entre los sectores restringidos cabe destacar los siguientes por su mayor impacto en las inversiones españolas:
 
Lista A –
      · Contratos para la construcción y reparación de obras públicas financiadas localmente: máx. 40% de capital extranjero.
      · Operadores de infraestructuras que requieran una concesión pública de explotación: máx. 40% de capital extranjero.
      · Propiedad de terrenos privados: 40% de capital extranjero.
 
Lista B –
      · Empresas orientadas al mercado nacional con un capital inferior a 200.000USD: máx. 40% de capital extranjero.
      · Empresas orientadas al mercado nacional con un capital inferior a 100.000USD que utilicen tecnología avanzada o que empleen al menos a 50 empleados directamente: máx. 40% de capital extranjero.
 
Esta normativa obliga a las empresas extranjeras a asociarse con empresas filipinas. Aunque muchas empresas extranjeras conseguían cumplir esta norma y al mismo tiempo mantener el control del negocio, desde 2012 (a raíz de una sentencia del Tribunal Supremo) el 40% se refiere exclusivamente a acciones con derecho a voto y propiedad de su titular (no en usufructo), lo que dificulta notablemente la actividad inversora.
 
La obtención de visados de trabajo para empleados, la devolución del IVA (muy importante en el caso de empresas de renovables, que siempre facturan a desarrolladores exentos) o la aplicación de los tipos reducidos estipulados en el Convenio de Doble Imposición resultan difíciles en la práctica.
 
 
Fuente: Agencia Tributaria
 
 > Instrumento de Ratificación del Convenio entre España y la República de Filipinas para evitar la doble imposición y prevenir la evasión fiscal en materia de impuestos sobre la renta y Protocolo firmado en Manila el 14 de marzo de 1989. (BOE, 15-diciembre-1994)  
Ver documento
 

d) Sueldos y tarifas de honorarios

 
Fuente: UIA. Filipinas
 
ARCHITECTS' COMPENSATION
 
– Is There A Fee Scale, Cost Information System Or Other Method To Calculate Architects' Compensation For Services Delivered?: Yes
– Is It Mandatory?: Yes
– Which Body Is In Charge Of Publishing Fee Scales Or Defining And Offering Other Methods For Calculating Compensation?: The United Architects Of The Philippines
 
 
Fuente: United Architects of the Philippines
 
STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
 
Standards of Professional Practice (SPP) is a required document under Sec. 41 of A. No. 9266 (The Architecture Act of 2004) and its Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR).
 
Standards of Professional Practice:
 
-SPP Documents (Annex A); click here
-SPP No. 201; SPP on Pre-Design Services; click here
-SPP No. 202; SPP on Regular Design Services; click here
-SPP No. 203; SPP on Specialized Architectural Services; click here
-SPP No. 204-A; SPP on Full Time Supervision Services ; click here
-SPP No. 204-B; SPP on Construction Management Services ; click here
-SPP No. 205; SPP on Post-Construction Services ; click here
-SPP No. 206; SPP on Comprehensive Architectural Services ; click here 
-SPP No. 207; SPP on Design-Build Services ; click here
-SPP No. 208; SPP on Architectural Design Competition ; click here
 
> Architects Guidelines (as published in the Official Gazette); click here
 
 
Fuente: ICEX. Filipinas
 
SALARIOS
 
Los empresarios están obligados por la Constitución de 1987 y por el Código Laboral a pagar unos salarios mínimos que fija anualmente la Comisión Nacional de Salarios y Productividad (National Wages and Productivity Commission). Actualmente el salario mínimo en la zona de Metro Manila, después de una subida del 9 % en los últimos dos años (para actividades no agrícolas) se sitúa en 475-512 PHP al día, para trabajos no agrícolas en Metro Manila (NCR), siendo el mayor de todas las regiones. La región con menor salario es la ARMM (Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Región Autónoma del Mindanao Musulmán) con 280 PHP.
 
De acuerdo con los datos de la consultora Glasdoor en 2018, el salario medio anual de un ejecutivo en Filipinas se sitúa en 24.512 €, el de un manager en 13.035 €, el de un supervisor en torno a los 6.000 € y el de un trabajador corriente medio en 3.470 €.
 
Según se pague a los empleados por mes o por día su salario o EMR (Equivalent Monthly Rate) se calcula de diferente forma. Los pagados mensualmente son aquellos a los que se les paga todos los días del mes incluidos los días de descanso, festivos y días especiales. Sin embargo, los pagados por días sólo reciben salario del día trabajado y de los festivos normales.
 
 
Fuente: Payscale. Philippines
 
AVERAGE SALARY
 
Architect (but not Landscape or Naval): PHP 276,803 Average Salary
 
-An entry-level Architect (but not Landscape or Naval) with less than 1 year experience can expect to earn an average total compensation (includes tips, bonus, and overtime pay) of PHP 201,000 based on 6 salaries.
 
-An early career Architect (but not Landscape or Naval) with 1-4 years of experience earns an average total compensation of PHP 237,408 based on 75 salaries.
 
-A mid-career Architect (but not Landscape or Naval) with 5-9 years of experience earns an average total compensation of PHP 353,749 based on 34 salaries.
 
-An experienced Architect (but not Landscape or Naval) with 10-19 years of experience earns an average total compensation of PHP 500,000 based on 14 salaries.
 
-In their late career (20 years and higher), employees earn an average total compensation of PHP 850,000.
 
RELATED JOB SALARIES:
 
Project Architect: PHP 41k – PHP 809k
Design Architect: PHP 31k – PHP 991k
Civil Engineer: PHP 27k – PHP 567k
Project Engineer: PHP 23k – PHP 608k
Project Manager (Unspecified Type / General): PHP 208k – PHP 2m

e) Fases de proyecto

 
Fuente: World Bank. Philippines
 
DEALING WITH CONSTRUCTION PERMITS
 
Shown below are the procedures, time, and costs to build a warehouse, including obtaining necessary licenses and permits, completing required notifications and inspections, and obtaining utility connections.
 
      · Obtain a Geotechnical study / Soil test
      · Obtain a Topographical / Geodetic Survey
      · Obtain lot plan with site map from the geodetic engineer
      · Obtain certified true copy of the land title from the Register of Deeds (RD)
      · Obtain barangay clearance
      · Apply for the locational clearance at the City Planning and Development Office (CPDO)
      · Receive inspection for the locational clearance from the CPDO
      · Obtain the locational clearance from the CPDO
      · Apply and obtain fire safety evaluation clearance (FSEC) from the local Fire Marshall at the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP)
      · Apply and obtain the building permit and ancillary permits at the Office of the Building Official (OBO)
      · Receive inspection from the BFP during construction
      · Apply for the fire safety inspection certificate (FSIC) at the BFP
      · Receive final inspection for the FSIC from the BFP
      · Obtain the FSIC from the BFP
      · Apply for the certificate of occupancy at the OBO
      · Receive final inspection for the certificate of occupancy from the OBO
      · Obtain the certificate of occupancy from the OBO
      · Apply for water and sewage connection
      · Receive inspection for water and sewage connection
      · Obtain water and sewage connection
      · Apply for the tax declaration of improvement at the City Assessor's Office (CAO)
      · Receive inspection from the appraiser of CAO
      · Obtain the tax declaration of improvement from the CAO
 
 

f) Informe económico, Planes de inversión

 
> España otorgará a Filipinas un crédito de 300 millones de euros para proyectos en infraestructuras y turismo
Ambos países están terminando de consensuar un memorando de entendimiento que abordará los mecanismos para acceder a esta línea de crédito. Además, han concluido otro acuerdo sobre cooperación económica y financiera.
Ver Noticia
 
 
 > Directorio de empresas españolas establecidas en Filipinas
Este documento contiene los principales datos (no de carácter personal o confidencial) de las empresas españolas que han abordado cualquier tipo de proyecto de inversión en Filipinas y que, según los datos de ICEX España Exportación e Inversiones, están establecidas en ese país actualmente.
Ver documento 
 
 
> Informe económico y comercial. Filipinas 2015
Informe económico y comercial sobre Filipinas que proporciona datos sobre su situación política-económica, relaciones bilaterales, acuerdos comerciales, relaciones multilaterales y oportunidades de negocio para la empresa española.
Ver documento 
 
 
> La estructura económica en Filipinas
Informe sobre la estructura económica en Filipinas. Analiza su sector primario, secundario y terciario, así como el sector exterior e infraestructuras económicas – transportes, comunicaciones y energía.
Ver documento

g) Otros

> Guía país. Filipinas 2019
Guía sobre Filipinas. Proporciona información sobre su situación geográfica, superficie, clima, demografía, sociedad y breves referencias históricas. Muestra su estructura político-administrativa, su estructura económica, el marco para la actividad comercial y para la inversión, así como información de carácter práctico y una guía de direcciones de interés del país en Internet.
Ver documento
 
 
> Guía sobre organismos internacionales y de desarrollo 2019
Guía sobre organismos internacionales y de desarrollo, dirigida a las empresas españolas, que ofrece información centrada en las oportunidades generadas por instituciones financieras de desarrollo (IFI), Unión Europea y el sistema de agencias de Naciones Unidas fundamentalmente.
Ver documento 
 
 
> Guía de Negocios con el BAsD. La Ventanilla Privada 2018
Guía de Negocios con el BAsD: La Ventanilla Pública, elaborada en Manila en 2018. Se trata de una guía actualizada que recoge las características del BAsD y los principales cambios en sus procedimientos de contratación a través de la iniciativa privada, así como consejos sobre cómo trabajar con la institución.
Ver documento 
 
 
> BAsD-Filipinas. Oportunidades de negocio 2017-2019
Informe que describe la actividad del BAsD (Banco Asiático de Desarrollo) en Filipinas, incluyendo la estrategia de trabajo en el país, la cartera de proyectos, las principales áreas de trabajo, principales adjudicatarios, referencias de contacto y otros datos de interés. Se detalla la cartera de proyectos para los tres próximos años detallada por sector, así como las aprobaciones más recientes.
Ver documento 
 
 
> Oportunidades de negocio para empresas españolas con instituciones multilaterales y otros organismos. Filipinas 2017
Documento que presentar el funcionamiento y los proyectos previstos de las principales instituciones y agencias presentes en Filipinas para facilitar la búsqueda y localización de oportunidades interesantes para empresas españolas. Recoge información y las principales líneas de actuación en Filipinas de diferentes organismos como el Banco Mundial, Banco Asiático de Desarrollo, Naciones Unidas, Comisión Europea, así como de otras agencias bilaterales de ayuda al desarrollo.
Ver documento 
 
 
> Oportunidades de negocio con el Banco Mundial en Filipinas 2017
En el presente documento, se analizan con más detalle la estrategia país del GBM con Filipinas, así como los proyectos contemplados por la institución. Con todo ello, espera ser de utilidad a las empresas españolas que trabajan en el mercado de las multilaterales para identificar las oportunidades existentes en Filipinas.
Ver documento 
 
 

Corresponsal COAM

 
> Ver Corresponsales 2018-2019
         

Organismo regulador 

 
PROFESSIONAL REGULATORY BOARD OF ARCHITECTURE
PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION (PRC)
Main Office – P. Paredes St, Sampaloc,
Manila, 1008 Metro Manila
Tel. +632 3100026
prc.iao.od@gmail.com
www.prc.gov.ph/architecture
 
 
UNITED ARCHITECTS OF THE PHILIPPINES
UAP National Headquarters
Building no.53 Scout Rallos St, Barangay Laging Handa,
Diliman, Quezon City, 1103 Metro Manila
Tel. +632 888-9266
uap@united-architects.org
www.united-architects.org
 
 

Enlaces profesionales

 
OFICINA ECONÓMICA Y COMERCIAL EN MANILA
27th Floor, Yuchengco Tower, RCBC Plaza Sen.Gil J.
Puyat Cor. Ayala Ave. – Makaty City Metro Manila
Manila , Filipinas
Teléfono: +(632)8433774/75
Email: manila@comercio.mineco.es
 
 
CÁMARA ESPAÑOLA DE COMERCIO EN FILIPINAS
Unit 18-A, Chatham House,
116 Valero st., corner V.A. Rufino,
Salcedo Village, Makati City, Philippines
Teléfono.: +63 2 886 7643
Email a lacamara@lacamaramanila.com
Web: www.lacamaramanila.com
 
 

Embajadas y consulados

 
EMBASSY OF THE PHILIPPINES. MADRID
Calle Eresma, 2, 28002 Madrid, Spain
Trunkline: (+34) 917 823 830
email: madrid.pe@dfa.gov.ph / madridpe@yahoo.com
Website: www.philembassymadrid.com
 
 
EMBAJADA DE ESPAÑA EN MANILA
27th Floor, BDO Equitable Tower,  8751 Paseo de Roxas
1226 Makati City, Metro Manila       
Apartado de Correos:  P.O.B. 1114
Makati Central Post Office, 1251, Makati City
Teléfonos: (+63 2) 817 99 97 – 817 66 76
Correo electrónico: emb.manila@maec.es
Web: www.exteriores.gob.es/Embajadas/MANILA
 
  

Otros

 
COMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION
Higher Education Development Center Building,
C.P. Garcia Ave, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
info@ched.gov.ph  
T. (632) 441-1260
www.ched.gov.ph
 
 
INSTITUTO CERVANTES
Ayala Tower I. Ayala Triangle, Ayala Avenue
Makati 1200, Philippines
Tel.: 63 2 526 14 82
Email: cenmni@cervantes.es
Web: manila.cervantes.es